Required knowledge includes historic and cultural sources of heraldic designs design research techniques elements and principles of design as applied to applications of hand engraved designs to a range of metal surfaces characteristics and responses of metals for engraving purposes engraving terminology sources of taskrelated information securing methods and limitations different gravers scorpers and other tools and their applications techniques for producing and maintaining cutting edges equipment used for maintaining gravers required industry standards tool maintenance hand engraving techniques hazards and control measures including housekeeping use and application of personal protective equipment safe work practices and procedures |